Compare American Samoa (2005) - Arctic Ocean (2002)

Compare American Samoa (2005) z Arctic Ocean (2002)

	American Samoa (2005)	Arctic Ocean (2002)

Administrative divisions	none (territory of the US); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are three districts and two islands* at the second order; Eastern, Manu'a, Rose Island, Swains Island, Western	-
Age structure	0-14 years: 35.7% (male 10,705/female 9,956) 15-64 years: 61.3% (male 18,351/female 17,125) 65 years and over: 3% (male 664/female 1,080) (2005 est.)	-
Agriculture - products	bananas, coconuts, vegetables, taro, breadfruit, yams, copra, pineapples, papayas; dairy products, livestock	-
Airports	3 (2004 est.)	-
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)	-
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)	-
Area	total: 199 sq km land: 199 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Rose Island and Swains Island	total: 14.056 million sq km note: includes Baffin Bay, Barents Sea, Beaufort Sea, Chukchi Sea, East Siberian Sea, Greenland Sea, Hudson Bay, Hudson Strait, Kara Sea, Laptev Sea, Northwest Passage, and other tributary water bodies
Area - comparative	slightly larger than Washington, DC	slightly less than 1.5 times the size of the US
Background	Settled as early as 1000 B.C., Samoa was "discovered" by European explorers in the 18th century. International rivalries in the latter half of the 19th century were settled by an 1899 treaty in which Germany and the US divided the Samoan archipelago. The US formally occupied its portion - a smaller group of eastern islands with the excellent harbor of Pago Pago - the following year.	The Arctic Ocean is the smallest of the world's five oceans (after the Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, and the recently delimited Southern Ocean). The Northwest Passage (US and Canada) and Northern Sea Route (Norway and Russia) are two important seasonal waterways. A sparse network of air, ocean, river, and land routes circumscribes the Arctic Ocean.
Birth rate	23.13 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)	-
Budget	revenues: $121 million (37% in local revenue and 63% in US grants) expenditures: $127 million, including capital expenditures of NA (FY96/97)	-
Capital	Pago Pago	-
Climate	tropical marine, moderated by southeast trade winds; annual rainfall averages about 3 m; rainy season from November to April, dry season from May to October; little seasonal temperature variation	polar climate characterized by persistent cold and relatively narrow annual temperature ranges; winters characterized by continuous darkness, cold and stable weather conditions, and clear skies; summers characterized by continuous daylight, damp and foggy weather, and weak cyclones with rain or snow
Coastline	116 km	45,389 km
Constitution	ratified 2 June 1966, effective 1 July 1967	-
Country name	conventional long form: Territory of American Samoa conventional short form: American Samoa abbreviation: AS	-
Death rate	3.33 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)	-
Debt - external	$NA	-
Dependency status	unincorporated and unorganized territory of the US; administered by the Office of Insular Affairs, US Department of the Interior	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (territory of the US)	-
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (territory of the US)	-
Disputes - international	none	some maritime disputes (see littoral states); Russia is the first state to submit data to the UN Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf to extend its continental shelf by claiming two undersea ridges in the Arctic Ocean
Economic aid - recipient	important financial support from the US, more than $40 million in 1994	-
Economy - overview	This is a traditional Polynesian economy in which more than 90% of the land is communally owned. Economic activity is strongly linked to the US, with which American Samoa conducts most of its foreign trade. Tuna fishing and tuna processing plants are the backbone of the private sector, with canned tuna the primary export. Transfers from the US Government add substantially to American Samoa's economic well-being. Attempts by the government to develop a larger and broader economy are restrained by Samoa's remote location, its limited transportation, and its devastating hurricanes. Tourism is a promising developing sector.	Economic activity is limited to the exploitation of natural resources, including petroleum, natural gas, fish, and seals.
Electricity - consumption	120.9 million kWh (2002)	-
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2002)	-
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2002)	-
Electricity - production	130 million kWh (2002)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Lata 966 m	lowest point: Fram Basin -4,665 m highest point: sea level 0 m
Environment - current issues	limited natural fresh water resources; the water division of the government has spent substantial funds in the past few years to improve water catchments and pipelines	endangered marine species include walruses and whales; fragile ecosystem slow to change and slow to recover from disruptions or damage; thinning polar icepack
Ethnic groups	native Pacific islander 92.9%, Asian 2.9%, white 1.2%, mixed 2.8%, other 0.2% (2000 census)	-
Exchange rates	the US dollar is used	-
Executive branch	chief of state: President George W. BUSH of the US (since 20 January 2001) and Vice President Richard B. CHENEY (since 20 January 2001) head of government: Governor Togiola TULAFONO (since 7 April 2003) cabinet: cabinet made up of 12 department directors elections: US president and vice president elected on the same ticket for four-year terms; governor and lieutenant governor elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms; election last held 2 and 16 November 2004 (next to be held November 2008) election results: Togiola TULAFONO elected governor; percent of vote - Togiola TULAFONO 55.7%, Afoa Moega LUTU 44.3%	-
Exports	NA	-
Exports - commodities	canned tuna 93%	-
Exports - partners	Samoa 39.8%, Australia 19.9%, Japan 15.1%, New Zealand 10.5% (2004)	-
Fiscal year	1 October - 30 September	-
Flag description	blue, with a white triangle edged in red that is based on the outer side and extends to the hoist side; a brown and white American bald eagle flying toward the hoist side is carrying two traditional Samoan symbols of authority, a staff and a war club	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%	-
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $8,000 (2000 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	NA	-
Geographic coordinates	14 20 S, 170 00 W	90 00 N, 0 00 E
Geography - note	Pago Pago has one of the best natural deepwater harbors in the South Pacific Ocean, sheltered by shape from rough seas and protected by peripheral mountains from high winds; strategic location in the South Pacific Ocean	major chokepoint is the southern Chukchi Sea (northern access to the Pacific Ocean via the Bering Strait); strategic location between North America and Russia; shortest marine link between the extremes of eastern and western Russia; floating research stations operated by the US and Russia; maximum snow cover in March or April about 20 to 50 centimeters over the frozen ocean; snow cover lasts about 10 months
Highways	total: 185 km paved: 185 km unpaved: 0 km (2004)	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	-
Imports	NA	-
Imports - commodities	materials for canneries 56%, food 8%, petroleum products 7%, machinery and parts 6%	-
Imports - partners	Japan 31.4%, New Zealand 27.9%, Germany 17.1%, Australia 8.9% (2004)	-
Independence	none (territory of the US)	-
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	-
Industries	tuna canneries (largely supplied by foreign fishing vessels), handicrafts	-
Infant mortality rate	total: 9.27 deaths/1,000 live births male: 9.85 deaths/1,000 live births female: 8.65 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)	-
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	NA%	-
International organization participation	Interpol (subbureau), IOC, UPU	-
Irrigated land	NA sq km	-
Judicial branch	High Court (chief justice and associate justices are appointed by the US Secretary of the Interior)	-
Labor force	14,000 (1996)	-
Labor force - by occupation	tuna canneries 34%, government 33%, other 33% (1990)	-
Land boundaries	0 km	-
Land use	arable land: 10% permanent crops: 15% other: 75% (2001)	-
Languages	Samoan 90.6% (closely related to Hawaiian and other Polynesian languages), English 2.9%, Tongan 2.4%, other Pacific islander 2.1%, other 2% note: most people are bilingual (2000 census)	-
Legal system	NA	-
Legislative branch	bicameral Fono or Legislative Assembly consists of the House of Representatives (21 seats - 20 of which are elected by popular vote and 1 is an appointed, nonvoting delegate from Swains Island; members serve two-year terms) and the Senate (18 seats; members are elected from local chiefs and serve four-year terms) elections: House of Representatives - last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held November 2006); Senate - last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held November 2008) election results: House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - independents 18 note: American Samoa elects one nonvoting representative to the US House of Representatives; election last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held November 2006); results - Eni F. H. FALEOMAVAEGA (Democrat) reelected as delegate	-
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 75.84 years male: 72.27 years female: 79.62 years (2005 est.)	-
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 97% male: 98% female: 97% (1980 est.)	-
Location	Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about half way between Hawaii and New Zealand	body of water between Europe, Asia, and North America, mostly north of the Arctic Circle
Map references	Oceania	Arctic Region
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm	-
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the US	-
National holiday	Flag Day, 17 April (1900)	-
Nationality	noun: American Samoan(s) adjective: American Samoan	-
Natural hazards	typhoons common from December to March	ice islands occasionally break away from northern Ellesmere Island; icebergs calved from glaciers in western Greenland and extreme northeastern Canada; permafrost in islands; virtually ice locked from October to June; ships subject to superstructure icing from October to May
Natural resources	pumice, pumicite	sand and gravel aggregates, placer deposits, polymetallic nodules, oil and gas fields, fish, marine mammals (seals and whales)
Net migration rate	-20.89 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)	-
Political parties and leaders	Democratic Party [Oreta M. TOGAFAU]; Republican Party [Tautai A. F. FAALEVAO]	-
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	-
Population	57,881 (July 2005 est.)	-
Population below poverty line	NA	-
Population growth rate	-0.11% (2005 est.)	-
Ports and harbors	Pago Pago	Churchill (Canada), Murmansk (Russia), Prudhoe Bay (US)
Radio broadcast stations	AM 3, FM 4, shortwave 1 (2004)	-
Religions	Christian Congregationalist 50%, Roman Catholic 20%, Protestant and other 30%	-
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.08 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.62 male(s)/female total population: 1.06 male(s)/female (2005 est.)	-
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	-
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: good telex, telegraph, facsimile and cellular telephone services; domestic satellite system with 1 Comsat earth station international: country code - 1-684; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)	-
Telephones - main lines in use	15,000 (2001)	-
Telephones - mobile cellular	2,377 (1999)	-
Television broadcast stations	1; note - one cable TV station (2004)	-
Terrain	five volcanic islands with rugged peaks and limited coastal plains, two coral atolls (Rose Island, Swains Island)	central surface covered by a perennial drifting polar icepack that averages about 3 meters in thickness, although pressure ridges may be three times that size; clockwise drift pattern in the Beaufort Gyral Stream, but nearly straight-line movement from the New Siberian Islands (Russia) to Denmark Strait (between Greenland and Iceland); the icepack is surrounded by open seas during the summer, but more than doubles in size during the winter and extends to the encircling landmasses; the ocean floor is about 50% continental shelf (highest percentage of any ocean) with the remainder a central basin interrupted by three submarine ridges (Alpha Cordillera, Nansen Cordillera, and Lomonosov Ridge)
Total fertility rate	3.25 children born/woman (2005 est.)	-
Transportation - note	-	sparse network of air, ocean, river, and land routes; the Northwest Passage (North America) and Northern Sea Route (Eurasia) are important seasonal waterways
Unemployment rate	6% (2000)	-

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